Chile(Anita)

=**Chile**= =


 * General Information:**
 * **Capital capital:**Santiago
 * **Population:** As of 2011 it is 17,248,450
 * ======**Religion**: Roman Catholics======
 * **Official Language(s)**: Spanish
 * **Major Exports**: Cooper, fish, fruits, paper and pulp, chemicals, wine
 * **Monetary System:** Pesos


 * Age Structure:**
 * 0-14 years- 22.3% **(male 1,928,210/female 1,840,839)**
 * **15-64 years- 68.1% (male 5,751,091/female 5,744,014)**
 * **65 years and over- 9.6% (male 680,450/female 944,156) (2011 est.)**


 * Age Median:**


 * **Median age:** **total:** 32.1 years
 * **male:** 31.1 years
 * **female:** 33.1 years (2011 est.)

Chile is a country in South America, occupying a long narrow strip of land between the Andes Montain to the east of the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Boliva to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. The shape of Chile is like a ribbon of land 2,700 miles long and 109 miles wide. The climate differs ranging from the worlds driest to the- Atacama in the north, Mediterranean climate in the centre, to a rainy temperature in the south.The northern desert contains great minerals wealth, principally cooper. Southern Chile is rich in forest and grazing lands that have long strings of volcanoes and lakes. sources: [] They became independent from Spain on February 12th, 1818 and it was finally recognized on April 25, 1844. 10,000 years ago migrating Native America settled in fertile valleys and coastal areas, early human habitation are MonteVerde, Cueva del Milodonand the Pali Aike Crater's lava tube.The Incas the extended their empire into what is now known as northern Chile. Cueva del Milodonand the Pali Aike Crater's lava tube.The Incas the extended their empire into what is now known as northern Chile. Chile was originally controlled by the Incas in the north and the nomadic Araucanos in the south. They became independent from Spain on February 12th, 1818, after being ruled by a Spaniard, Pedro de Valdivia and it was finally recognized on April 25, 1844 . From there they had a dictator Diego Portales who fought a war with Peru from 1836- 1839, which expanded Chileans territory. In 1970 Salvador Allende became the first President of a non-communist country freely elected on a Marxist program. The new president Allende quickly established a relationship with Cuba and the People’s Republic of China. On September, 1973 Allende was overthrown then killed in a military coup covertly sponsored by the CIA The government is now republican it has been so for 200 years now and their current leader is Sebastián Piñera. By the mid twentieth century Chile had become one of Latin- America’s most advanced and stable nations. In 1970 Chile elected Salvador Allende Gossen, for the next three years Chile had a socialist government. Repeated violent between pro-and anti-government forces, also with covert U.S interventions, led to chaos and deteriorating economy, he was overthrown on September 11, 1973. The military formed a four-man junta composed of the commander and chief. General Augusto Pinochet Ugarte proclaimed himself commander and chief in 1974, but rule Chile ruthlessly as a dictator for 15 years. Pinochet goal was to get rid of socialism and the modern capitalist nation-state, those Chileans that opposed this faced possibilities of being imprisoned, tortured, or killed. Several thousands were murdered, while others were exiled. Pinochet showed signs of ruling forever, but there was international pressure to turn the government back into a democracy. Under Chile’s constitution there are three branches: Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branch.
 * Geography:**
 * Brief History:**
 * Government/Current political situation: **

=**Culture:**=
 * __Tourism__**

=
Chile has experienced sustained growth of tourism of the past decades being with in 2006 there was 1.25 million foreign visitors and 2.50 million in 2007. With places such as Norte Grande, which is Atacama Desert that as been inhabited for several thousand years, Norte Chico which is home to many of Chiles highest volcanoes in the world Ojos del Salado and the rest of the volcanoes, attractions in this portion of the Andes include Nevado Tres Cruces National Park and Laguna Verde.Elqui Valley is the most popular place with its where the green grass of the valley compliments the brown slopes of the mountains. Also, Zona Central here they have the some of the finest wine routes taking place in Casablanca and Colchagua.Valparaíso is a wonderful, amphitheater-shaped city, whose historic quarter has been recognized as a World Heritage Site. Its neighboring city, Viña del Mar, attracts a large number of foreign tourists, particularly from Argentina.====== Chile's country wide sport is soccer you will rarely ever catch a football game going one down this way. Another popular sport is basketball, today's new generation are becoming more involved in different sports such as sking, rifting, snow boarding, and surfing. You will see a chilean dressed in formal etire, something that is found high fashion over there is the cape,safari jackets, also togas and robes are traditional clothing.The most commonly used materials include cotton, w ool, linen, denim, tartans, viscose and polyester. __**Art**__ __**Holidays/Celebrations**__ Like us Chile also celebrates their independence which is celebrated on September 18th, Army Day witch is celebrated September 19th. Religious holidays are celebrated though festivals and carnivals. These are more of Chiles celebrations and holidays:
 * __Sports__**
 * __Clothes__**
 * 1 Jan- New Year's Day.
 * 6 April- Good Friday.
 * 21 March- Good Friday.
 * 7 April- Holy Saturday.
 * 1 May- Labour Day.[[image:hstspanishspeakingcountries3rd/La-Cueca-Chile-national-dance-300x199.jpg width="163" height="120" align="right"]]
 * 21 May- Navy Day.
 * 7 June- Corpus Christi.
 * 29 June- St Peter and St Paul.
 * 15 August- Assumption day.
 * 11 September- Reconciliation Day.
 * 12 Octtober- Dia de la Raza or the Columbus Day.
 * 1 November- All Saints' Day.
 * 8 December- Immaculate Conception.
 * 25 December- Christmas Day.

__**Music**__ Much of the Chilean music is influenced by the folklores of the land that dates back to the heydays of the Incas. Folk music of Chile received an international acclaim during 1960s.The most important music movement is from the 1960's "nueva canción" (new song) movement put emphasis on the guitar sound and also traditional Andean instruments as the troubadour sang politically based songs.Victor Jara was perhaps the only other singer from the "nueva canción" movement in Chile to earn international. __**Current Event**__ 2/21/12 Education survey more than 13,000 teachers and principals. They say principals should fire teachers based on their performance. This survey was done by Center for Education Research and Improvement between January 25 and February 12 revealed that 79.4% fo teachers support the right to fire teachers due to bad performance. The center surveyed 13,654 principals and teachers in Chile, 9,822 responses were validated by CPEIP. Responses came from various areas with 67% from schools outside of Santiago and 56% from state run schools CPEIP also surveyed teachers and principals on their opinions of a performance- based pay scale. Majority of both groups 81.5% of principals and 64.6% of teachers supported the idea. [] 2/22/12 Protest in Chile turned biolent late Tuesday night and into early Wednesday morning as social groups from the Aysen region continued to demand government investment in their region. The Social Movement for the Aysen Region, or MSPRA, this protest has mostly been characterized by using road blocks and barricades of key transportation routes. For two weeks now to petition a dialogue and government over their demands. Tuesday night confrontation occured over the barricades in Coyhaique, the capital of Aysen region. Less that 40 miles away Chile's military plice arrested 11 people in Puerto Aysen. Additional 10 people were hospitalized. []